·劲松街道大郊亭社区信访工作站积极发挥作用
?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????????????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????????? ???????, ??????????? ???????????? ??????????.[1] ???????? ??????????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ??????????????, ??????????????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ???????????. ?????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ??????????????, ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ?????. ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???????????????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ????????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????????.[2] ??.??. 350-???, ??????????????? ?????????? ????? ???????????, ?????????????? ??????????, ?????????? ????? ??????? ????? ??????????????.[3] ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????, ????? ????????? ????? ??? ???????; ??? ??????? ?????? ???????. ????? ????????????.
?????? ?????????, ?????????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????. ??? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????????? ????????????????.
???????
?????????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????????? ????????????????. ????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????. ???????? ????, ???????? ???????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???????????. ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????? ???????????? ???????????.
??????
???????? ??????
???? ?????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ??????????????? ????????????????. ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????????????. ????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????????. ?????????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????????. ?????????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ????????? ????????????. ???? ???????????????? ????? ?????? ????????????. ??? ?????????? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????????????. ????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ????????????????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ???? ???????????????????.
???????? ????????
???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????????. ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????????? ???? ???????????????. ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????. ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????.
???? ?????????
?????????????
??????? ???? ???????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???????????????, ????? ???? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ???????????? ???????? ????????????. "?????? ??????" (???????? ?????????? ??????????, ??????? ????????????, ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????) ??????? "??????? ??????" (?????????, ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????????????) ????????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????.[4] ?????? ???? ??????????, ????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ?????????, ??? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????????? ???????????????. ???????, ???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????, ?????????? ??????, ?????????, ?????????????, ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? "????????? ???? ??????????" [5] ???????????????, ??????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????.
????????? ??????
??????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????: ???? ??????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????.
- ???? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???????????????. ???? ??????? ?????????? ???????????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???????, ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ????????????,?????? ?????????????? ???????. ?????? ??????? ??????? (???????? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ?????????????) ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????.[7] ??????? ????????? ???????, ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???????. ???? ??????? ??????, ??????? ????????????? (?.??., ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ?.??. ?????????? ???????) ??????? ????? ????????, ???? ??????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????, ??????? ??????? ???????????????? ????????????????? ?????? ??????? ????????.[8] ???????????, ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? WTO ????? ??? ??? ?????????? ?????.[9]
- ?????????? ????????? (?????? ????????? "??????? ??????? ??????" ?????? ??????) , ??????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ????????? ????????????. ?????, ????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ?????, ??????? (??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ???????????. ???? ?????????????? ??????? ???????????, ??????????? ????????????????????????? New York Convention 1958 ??????????? ???? ???????????????????.[10]
- ???????? ?????? ??????, ?.??. ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ???????, ??????? ????? ????????? ??????????????? ??????, ?? ????????? ??????????????, ????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? - ??? ???????? ???????????????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????????????????. ???????? ????????????, ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ????????????. ???? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????????????? ????? ??????????????.[11] 1960 ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????????, ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????????? "??????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????" ?????.[12]
???????????? ??????? ????????? ??????
???????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????. ?????????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????, ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????. ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ??????????????, ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????????????????? ?????????????? ??????????.?????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????????. ??? "????????????" ?????? ??????, ??????? ???????????? ?????????? (??????? ???????) ??????? ???????????. ????? ?? ?????????[13] ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????,??????? ???????????????? ????????? ??? ???????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????. ???? ??????? ???????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????, ???????????????. ???? ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????????, ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????, ?????? ????????-?????, ???????? ??????????? ????? ???? ???????????, ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????????, ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????????.
???????????????? ??????????????? ?????? ??????, ?????????? ????????????? ???????????????. ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????. ???? ???????? ?????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????, ????????????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ????????. ?????????, ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????????.[14]
???????????? ??????
????????? ??????
??????????? ??????
??????????? ??????,??? ?????????? ??????????, ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????????????. ?????????????? ???????, ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????????????? ????????, ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????. ??? ???? ??????????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????????, ??????????? ?????????? ????, ??????? ??????? ???????, ????????? ?????, ????????? ???????????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ???????????????????.
???????????????,???????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ????????????? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????.?? ??? ?????? ????????????????, ?? ??? ???????????? ?????? ????????????????; ??????? ?????????? ??????, ???? ??? ?????? ??????????????????? ??????? ?????????. ??????? ???????? ????????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????????.
?????????????? ??????? ???????, ????? ???????????????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???????????????. ????????, ?????????? ?????? ???????????????? ????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????. ????????, ??? ???????????? ???????? ???????????????? ??? ??????????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ????????????????. ??? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????????? ????????????????, ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ????, ??????????????? ????????????? ???????? ????? ?????????.
???????? ??????
???????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????????????. ?????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???????, ????????, ???????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????.
???????????
- ↑ Robertson, Crimes against humanity, 90.
- ↑ "Quodid". Retrieved 11 ?? 2017.[??????????? ???????]
- ↑ Aristotle. Politics, Book 3#3:16. n.b. This translation reads, "it is more proper that law should govern than any one of the citizens"
- ↑ Although many scholars argue that "the boundaries between public and private law are becoming blurred", and that this distinction has become mere "folklore" (Bergkamp, Liability and Environment, 1–2).
- ↑ E.g. in England these seven subjects, with EU law substituted for international law, make up a "qualifying law degree". For criticism, see Peter Birks' poignant comments attached to a previous version of the Notice to Law Schools.
- ↑ Pagden, Anthony (1991). Vitoria: Political Writings (Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought). UK: Cambridge University Press. p. xvi. ISBN 0-521-36714-X.
- ↑ History of the UN, United Nations. ????????? ????????? (The Hinge of Fate, 719) comments on the League of Nations' failure: "It was wrong to say that the League failed. It was rather the member states who had failed the League."
- ↑ The prevailing manner of enforcing international law is still essentially "self help"; that is the reaction by states to alleged breaches of international obligations by other states (Robertson, Crimes against Humanity, 90; Schermers-Blokker, International Institutional Law, 900–901).
- ↑ Petersmann, The GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement System International Criminal Court ????????????? 2025-08-06 at the ??????? ?????????, 32
- ↑ Redfem, International Commercial Arbitration, 68–69
- ↑ Schermers–Blokker, International Institutional Law, 943
- ↑ See the fundamental C-26/62 Van Gend en Loos v Nederlandse Administratie der Belastingen, and Flaminio Costa v E.N.E.L. decisions of the European Court.
- ↑ Entick v Carrington (1765) 19 Howell's State Trials 1030; [1765] 95 ER 807
- ↑ "Entick v Carrington". 19 Howell’s State Trials 1029 (1765). US: Constitution Society. Retrieved 13 November 2008.
???? ??????????
- ??????, ?????????????????, ??????? ????????? ????????????? 2025-08-06 at the ??????? ?????????
| ???????? ?????????? |  | |
|---|---|---|
| ??? ?????????? | ??????? ?????? · ???? ???????????? ?????? · ?????????? ?????? · ?????? ???? · ?????? · ???????? ?????? · ?????????? ???? ????? · ????????? ???????? · ?????? ??????????? · ????????????? ?????? · ????????? ?????? · ???? ???????? · ???????? ?????? · ????????? ?????????? · ?????????? ?????????? ?????? · ????????? ?????? · ???????? ?????? · ???????? ?????? · Procedure (?????????? · ??????????) · ?????? ???????? · ?????????? ?????? · ????????? ?????? · ????? ?????? · ???????? ??????? · ????? · ???? ???????? | |
| ????????? | ||
| ??????????? | ||
| ??????????? | ||