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$1 ????? $100 ???????	?????? ???????? ?????????
?.???.? 4217
????	USD (????????: 840)
????????	0.01
????
????????	$ ?????? US$?
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???? ????
?1/10	????
?1/100	????
?1/1000	????
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?????	￠ ?????? c
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???????????	$1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, $100
Coins	1￠ (??????), 5￠ (????????), 10￠ (????), 25￠ (???????????), 50￠, $1
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?????(???)	10 ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??????? (?????? ??????????); ????????? ??????; ??????????; ??? ???????; ??????? ???????; ??????????????? ?????? ???????; ?????; ?????; ??????? ?????? ??????? (?????? ??????????); ?????? ????????? ;
????????
?????? ?????	?????? ???????? ?????
?????????	www.federalreserve.gov
????????????	Bureau of Engraving and Printing
?????????	www.moneyfactory.gov
?????????
?????????	2.5% (?????? ????????? ???????)
???????	???? ????? ???? ????
????? ??????????????	AWG, BSD, BHD, BBD, BZD, BMD, KYD, CUC, DJF, XCD, ERN, HKD, JOD, LBP, MVR, ANG, OMR, QAR, SAR, AED, VEB

百度在我国，剥削阶级作为阶级已经消灭，但是阶级斗争还将在一定范围内长期存在。

???????? ????? (dollar, USD) ?????? ?????? ????????????? ???? ????????. ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ????????????? $, ?????? USD ?????? US$ ???? ??????????????. ??? ???????? ????? 100 (??????) ???? ???? ???????????????????. ?????? ????????????? ????? ?????? ???? 6, 1785 ??? ??????????????????????. 1995 ??? ????????????????? $380 ????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ????????. 2005 ??? ????????????????? ???? ?????? ??????? $760 ?????????? ???????????.

??????????

?????? ???????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? 1,?????? 8 ??? ???????????? ?????? ????? ????????????? ????, ?????? ???????? ???????????????.^[1] ???? ???????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? USC | 31 | 5112 ??? ??????????????????. ?????? 5112 ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????????????.^[2] ???? ????????? ?????? 5112 ??? ??????? ????????????? "???? ?????????" ????? ????????????????????. ^[2] ???????? ?????, ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ???????????????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????????????. ?????? 5112 ???? ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????????, ??? ??? ?????? ??????? 50 ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????.^[2] ???? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ????????? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????????????.

"??????? ???? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????????" ????? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ^[3]. ???????? ?????????????? ?????????? 33???? ?????? 331??? ????, ???? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????? ?????????????????????.^[4]"????????????" ??????????????????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????????? (????????????????, ?????? ???????? ????????? 2009 ???? ????????? ???????????).^[5] ???? ????????????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????????????.

"?????" ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? 9 ????? ????????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????. ?????, "????????" ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????. ??? 8 ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????, ?????? ???????.

?????????????

16??? ????????????, ???????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? (Count Hieronymus Schlick of Bohemia ), ????????????? (Joachimstal) ???? ????????????? ????????????????? (Joachimstalers) ?? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????????,(??????? thal ????, ?????? ????????????? Tal, valley "????????????", ???????????? "dale" ???? ???????).?????????????,???? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????????????(???????? ?????????? ????????????, ??????? ??????????; ??????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ??? ?????).^[6] ???????????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ??????, ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????,

???????????? daler ?????? (daalder) ??????? ????? ?????, ?????????????? ?? ?????? (?????), ???????? (tallér) ????????, ?????????? (tallero) ????????, ??????? ???????????? (dollar) ?????.^[6] ???????, ??????? ?????????? Guldengroschen (?????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????) "????????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????????????"

????????????? ???????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????????????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ???????????????, ????????? ????????????? ??? ????? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ?????? leeuwendaalder (????????????: ??????? ?????).

.75 ?????? ?????????? 427.16 grains ??????????????????, 36 ??????? 42 (?????????) ?????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ??????????????????. ??????????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ????????? ??????? ????????, ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ???????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????, ??? ?????????? ???????????????? ??????????? ??????? ????.

leeuwendaalder ????? ??????? ????????????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????????? ????? (??????????), ??????? ???????? ????????. 17???? ??????? 18??? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????????????????. ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????????, ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????????? ???? (?????? "???????") ????? ??????????????.

?????? ???? ?????? ????????????, ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ???????????? - ??? "?????" ???? ??????? ??????? ?????.^[7]"?????" ???? ???? ????????-?????? ?????????? 17 ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????.^[8]

?????????????

???? ???????? "???" (buck) (??????? ????????????????? ??????????? ??????????? "quid" (s, pl) ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????????????????.???? ????????, 18 ??? ?????????????? ??????????? ?????????? ???? ?????????????? ?????????????????. ??? ??? ??????? ??????????????? ?????????????????.^[9] "Greenback-????? ????" ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????, ??? ????????? 19 ??? ???????????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ^[10] ???? ???????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????????????. ??? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????????????????? (????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????). ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???????? "????????", "?????" ??????? "????? ???????????" (????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???????????????????) ??????????? ????????.

????? ????

???????? ????????? (?????? ?? ???????????????) ?????????? $ ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????????????????????.???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? "pseo </ sup>" scribal abbreviation ??? 18 ??? ???????????? ????????????? ???????????? ??????? ????????. 16 ??????? 19 ??? ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????, ???????? ??????; ??????, ????????; ??????? ????, ????.p ??????? s ???? ???????????? ????????? $ ????? ????????????.^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14]

???????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????????. ?????? ???????? ????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ????????????, ??? S ?????????? ??? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ??????????.

??????


Obverse of rare 1934 $500 Federal Reserve Note, featuring a portrait of President William McKinley.		Reverse of a $500 Federal Reserve Note.

?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????????? ???????. ??? 16 ??? ?????????? ????? 19 ??? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????????????????.

?????? ?????????, 1792 ??? ????? ??????????? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????.????????, ???????? ?????? ????????, ??????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????????????, ?????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????, 1857 ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????? ????????? ????????????.??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????????????. ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????????? ????? (??????????) ??? ???????? ????????. ????? ???? ????? 17 ??? ??????????????, 18 ??? ???????????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ???????????. ?????????? ?????????????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????????, ?????? ???? ?????????? ????????? ????????????, ?????? ??? ??? ?????????? "???? ????????" ????? ????????????????.^[15]

??????????? ??????

????????????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ????. ??????????? ???? ??????????????????? ??????????????????, ??????? ??????? ￡ sd ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????????????? ???????????. ????????????? ????????? "????????????? ????????" ???????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????. ????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ????????????? ????????:

5 shillings - ????????
6 shillings - ????????, ???????????, ???? ????????, ???? ????, ??????????
7 | 1 | 2 shillings - ???????, ??????????, ???? ??????, ??????????????
8 shillings - ??????????, ?? ???????
32 | 1 | 2 shillings - ???? ???????

?????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????. ^[16]

???? ??????????

???????? ???????? ?????? ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ?????????

???????????

↑ "Paragraph 5 of Section 8 of Article 1 of the Constitution of the United States of America". Topics.law.cornell.edu. Retrieved August 24, 2010.
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 "Section 5112 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Retrieved March 16, 2010.
↑ "Paragraph 7 of Section 9 of Article 1 of the Constitution of the United States of America". Topics.law.cornell.edu. Retrieved August 24, 2010.
↑ "Section 331 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. August 6, 2010. Retrieved August 24, 2010.
↑ "2009 Financial Report of the United States Government" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on ?????? 4, 2010. Retrieved August 24, 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
↑ ^6.0 ^6.1 National Geographic. June 2002. p. 1. Ask US.
↑ "Dutch Colonial – Lion Dollar". Coins.lakdiva.org. Retrieved May 5, 2013.
↑ "etymologiebank.nl". etymologiebank.nl. Retrieved May 5, 2013.
↑ "Buck". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved November 10, 2011.
↑ "Paper Money Glossary". Littleton Coin Company. Archived from the original on ????? 12, 2012. Retrieved November 7, 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)
↑ Cajori, Florian ([1929]1993). A History of Mathematical Notations (Vol. 2). New York: Dover, 15–29. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-486-67766-4
↑ Aiton, Arthur S. and Benjamin W. Wheeler (May 1931). "The First American Mint", The Hispanic American Historical Review 11 (2), 198 and note 2 on 198.
↑ Nussbaum, Arthur (1957). A History of the Dollar. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 56. The dollar sign, $, is connected with the peso, contrary to popular belief, which considers it to be an abbreviation of 'U.S.' The two parallel lines represented one of the many abbreviations of 'P,' and the 'S' indicated the plural. The abbreviation '$.' was also used for the peso, and is still used in Argentina.
↑ "What is the origin of the $ Sign?" ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ?????????, U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing website
↑ "The Lion Dollar: Introduction". Coins.nd.edu. Retrieved August 24, 2010.
↑ Newman, Eric P. (1990). The Early Paper Money of America (3 ed.). Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications. p. 17. ISBN 0-87341-120-X.

[1] "Paragraph 5 of Section 8 of Article 1 of the Constitution of the United States of America". Topics.law.cornell.edu. Retrieved August 24, 2010.

[Section5112-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 "Section 5112 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Retrieved March 16, 2010.

[3] "Paragraph 7 of Section 9 of Article 1 of the Constitution of the United States of America". Topics.law.cornell.edu. Retrieved August 24, 2010.

[4] "Section 331 of Title 31 of the United States Code". Law.cornell.edu. August 6, 2010. Retrieved August 24, 2010.

[5] "2009 Financial Report of the United States Government" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on ?????? 4, 2010. Retrieved August 24, 2010. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

[NatGeo-6] 6.0 ^6.1 National Geographic. June 2002. p. 1. Ask US.

[7] "Dutch Colonial – Lion Dollar". Coins.lakdiva.org. Retrieved May 5, 2013.

[etymologiebank.nl-8] "etymologiebank.nl". etymologiebank.nl. Retrieved May 5, 2013.

[9] "Buck". Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved November 10, 2011.

[10] "Paper Money Glossary". Littleton Coin Company. Archived from the original on ????? 12, 2012. Retrieved November 7, 2011. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |archive-date= (help)

[11] Cajori, Florian ([1929]1993). A History of Mathematical Notations (Vol. 2). New York: Dover, 15–29. ??????????? ?????????? ??? 0-486-67766-4

[12] Aiton, Arthur S. and Benjamin W. Wheeler (May 1931). "The First American Mint", The Hispanic American Historical Review 11 (2), 198 and note 2 on 198.

[13] Nussbaum, Arthur (1957). A History of the Dollar. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 56. The dollar sign, $, is connected with the peso, contrary to popular belief, which considers it to be an abbreviation of 'U.S.' The two parallel lines represented one of the many abbreviations of 'P,' and the 'S' indicated the plural. The abbreviation '$.' was also used for the peso, and is still used in Argentina.

[14] "What is the origin of the $ Sign?" ????????????? 2025-08-07 at the ??????? ?????????, U.S. Bureau of Engraving and Printing website

[15] "The Lion Dollar: Introduction". Coins.nd.edu. Retrieved August 24, 2010.

[16] Newman, Eric P. (1990). The Early Paper Money of America (3 ed.). Iola, Wisconsin: Krause Publications. p. 17. ISBN 0-87341-120-X.

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